Masculine – Feminine
Note : Most of the masculine are made feminine by adding “ess” after the final consonant
Masculine / Feminine
Lion = Lioness
Host = Hostess
Mayor = Mayoress
Leopard = Leopardess
God = Goddess
Author = Authoress
Heir = Heiress
Prophet = Prophetess
Poet = Poetess
Steward = Stewardess
Millionaire = Millionairess
Note : If a one-syllable masculine ends in a consonant and the consonant is preceded by a vowel, double the final consonant while adding “es” at the end of it to make it feminine.
God = Goddess
The final letters (der, dor, tor) of most of the masculine words change into (dress or tress) while making feminine of the masculine.
Actor = Actress
Tiger = Togress
Protector = Protectress
Waiter = Waitress
Ambassador = Ambassadress
Mister = Mistress
The final letters “erer” of the masculine changes into “eress” while changing the masculine into feminine.
Murderer = Murderess
Note : After the final and silent “e” of the masculine words, add just “ss” to make it feminine
Prince = Princess
Millionaire = Millionairess
Exceptional
Duke = Duchess
Master = Mistress
Emperor = Empress
Note : Nouns or verbs are made adjectives by adding “ful” or “less” at the end of them.
Nouns/Verbs | Adjectives
Use = Useful
Use = Useless
Help = Helpful
Help = Helpless
Care = Careful
Care = Careless
Rest = Restful
Rest = Restless
Shame = Shameful
Shame = Shameless
Note : If the nouns which end in “y” and the “y” is preceded by a consonant, change “y” into “I” while adding “ful”
Noun | Adjective
Beauty = Beautiful
Mercy = Merciful
Duty = Dutiful
Note : If “y” is preceded by a vowel, don’t change “y”
Joy = Joyful
Play = Playful
Note : ” Hood” comes after nouns to mean the “era” or “state” of being in a certain position
Girlhood – (in the age of girls)
Womanhood – (in the era or state of being if a woman)
Manhood – (in the age of man) (in the time of man age)
Childhood – (in the age of child) (in the time of child age)
Fatherhood – (in the position of a father)
Widowhood – (in the position of a widow)
Note : If “y” is preceded by a consonant, “y” changes into “I” before “hood”
Lively = Livelihood
Likely = Likelihood
Note : The final consonant of a one syllable word, which is preceded by a vowel, is doubled before “ish”
Fat = Fattish
Hot = Hottish
Red = Reddish
Wet = Wettish
Note : “E” is omitted before “ish”
Blue = Bluish
Slave =Slavish
Purple = Purplish
Square = Squarish
Note : The word which end in “y” keep “y” before “ish”
Baby = Babyish
Gray = Grayish
Puppy = Puppyish
Note : Silent “e’ is omitted before “ism”.
Extreme = Extremism
Race = Racism
State = Statism
Note : The final consonant of a one syllable word, which is preceded by a vowel, is doubled before “ism”.
Nab = Nabbism
Snob = Snobbism
Trap = Trappism
Note : “y” of a two syllable word changes into “I” before “ness” while changing adjective into a noun.
Ugly = Ugliness
Happy = Happiness
Silly = Silliness
Holy = Holiness
Lazy = Laziness
Note : “y” of a one syllable word does not change into “I” before “ness”.
Coy = Coyness
Shy = Shyness
Gray = Grayness
Dry = Dryness
